Gettysburg+and+The+South+Surrenders

Aim: How did the Civil War end?

Do Now: Who were the head generals of the Confederate and Union Armies? (Homework Pass will be given)

This is the End...  In February 1862 General Ulysses S. Grant led a Union srmy into Tennessess. He was headed toward the Mississppi River to capture outposts that would sperate the eastern Confederacy from its western, food supplying states. On the way Grant and his forces too both Fort Henry and Fort Donelson.

1. Write a Question

On his journey to the Mississippi River, he was caught in a surprise attack near the Shiloh Church. The Union won this two day battle called the Battle of Shiloh. This win helped the Union control part of the Mississippi River Valley. It was important to control the Mississippi River because the South needed it to gain supplies, and travel.

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Not all the wins in the later years of war came from the Union. The Confederates won battles in Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. Hoping a Confederate win on Union soil would break the Union's spirit, Robert E. Lee headed into Union territory. The Battle of Gettysburg, which started July 1, 1863, was the consequence of Lee's decision.

On the first day, Lee's troops pushed General Meade's soldiers back. The Union troops had to dig in on top of two hills outside the town. On the second day, Confederate troops tried to take the hill called Little Round Top but failed.

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On the third day, Lee's generals lead charges that ended up being a disaster. Over half the Confederates were killed, and Lee retreated. Never again would his troops reach northern land. President Lincoln helped dedicate a new cemetery at Gettysburg. On November 19, 1863, he delivered the Gettysburg address.

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On April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Courthouse, Lee officially surrendered to Grant. The long bloody war was over, but the question of how the United States could be united again remained.

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